PSG has now won the season-opening cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.